Briefly describe the update operations supported by a priority queue

Given any directed graph G = (V, E) with non-negative edge weights,
March 20, 2023
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Briefly describe the update operations supported by a priority queue

Algorithms
(a) Briefly describe the update operations supported by a priority queue.
[2 marks]
(b) Explain the data structure known as a heap and describe how a heap can be
implemented using a simple linear block of memory. [2 marks]
(c) Describe, and estimate the costs of, procedures to
(i) find the parent and offspring of a given node; [2 marks]
(ii) insert a new item into an existing heap; [2 marks]
(iii) delete the topmost item from a non-empty heap. [2 marks]