Edith Martinez
ThursdayJun 22 at8:17pm
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When an infant is born their lungs are full of amniotic fluiddoto no oxygen in the mothers womb. Once the infant is born it is vital that the lungs start functioning as it needs tobreathoxygen now to stay alive. There are adrenal glands that send signals to the brain which then causes it to shock the body and start breathing. The lungs then begin to pump air. The first hour after birth is also critical as all the infants organs are learning and adjusting to living in the outside world. The digestive system also begins to function and develop. Within a few days the infant rids itself of the digestive amniotic fluid which is corrosive in the event of it getting to the infants lungs. The immune system is not yet developed and the infant is not able to fight off bacteriahoweverthey use their mothers milk which contains antibodies to fight the bacteria for them. At four weeks the infant puts on some weight and their hearing smelling and touching senses begin to function more when exposed to stimuli. The hearing sense develops by hearing new soundsvoicesand things. The only sense that is the most underdeveloped is the vision. According toAccording to National Geographic (2011)the infant is only able to see in black and white for the first two months. At 4 months the infant is able to see and recognize their mothers face. By eight months it is considered for the child to have 20/20 vision. At eight months all of their senses are functioning and they begin to explore the world for themselves not just based on what stimuli they are exposed to. They begin exploring with their sense of touch with their hands mouth and face which have the most sensory receptors. Gross motor skills develop between two to three months of age. The baby begins to develop their muscle control and can now roll over on their own. According to Mossler & Ziegler Interestinglyalthoughinfancyisoftenassociatedwithacrawlingbabyitisnotunusualforinfantstoskipthecrawlingstageandmoverightintocruising(walkingwhileholdingontofurniture)andthenwalking.Interestinglyalthoughinfancyisoftenassociatedwithacrawlingbabyitisnotunusualforinfantstoskipthecrawlingstageandmoverightintocruising(walkingwhileholdingontofurniture)andthenwalking (Mossler & Zeigler 2016 pp.2).
I would suggest to new parents to ensure that they are providing stimuli to the child in order to help them develop their senses. If a parent doesnt hold their child much or interact with the child it will be difficult for the childs brain to produce synapses which help the child develop. I would also suggest that when pregnant it is acceptable and in fact recommended to exercise and do light weight training.
Mossler R. A. & Ziegler M. (2016).Understanding development: A lifespan perspective. San Diego CA: Bridgepoint Education Inc.
National Geographic. (2011b Apr 29).Inside the living body video 2 of 9[Video file]. Retrieved from:https://youtu.be/tPl8TUde550(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
KeinaColeman
ThursdayJun 22 at2:52pm
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Early Childhood Physical Development
Sensory system development occurs throughout ones lifespan. It begins at birth and continuously thrives into ones adulthood. The development of the senses begins in the first month of a childs life. (Mossler & Ziegler 2016). The nervous system has a sensory system that is responsible for how one responds to what they see hear taste smell and touch. Development of the sensory system begins in an infants first month of life. The infants auditory visual and olfactory systems are developed during this period. An infants perception of the world is attained through the process of habituation the diminishing of the infants response to stimuli (Mossler & Ziegler 2016.) The process of habituation is used to assess an infants perceptual and sensory aptitudes.
Of the 5 senses sight is the least developed sense. Infants are believed to be nearsighted at birth and may begin to see things in color at the age of 4 months (Shriner & Shriner 2014).Neonates begin to hear sounds while in their mothers womb. Some fetus can hear and respond to sounds coming from the outside of their mothers womb.Infants can also distinguish between pleasant and unpleasant odors. Of the 5 sensesthe touch is the most developed sense (Shriner & Shriner 2014).The touch provides an infant with a sense of comfort and closeness to its caregiver. All of these senses impact a childs perception of the world. The sensory system assists children in learning. The sensory system assists children in determining how things feel look taste and helps them to distinguish sounds.
Environmental factors play an important role in a childs development and how they perceive the world. Psychologist Albert Banduras social learning theory assumes that an individuals behavior is learned by observing others (Fenestra 2013). Parents should ensure that they create a safe and clean social environment for their child. I would suggest that parents create an environment that is conducive to learning and encourage them to keep their childs scheduled medical appointments and to assess their childs developmental milestones. I also would encourage parents to talk to read and to sing to their child. By doing this parents will help their child develop listening and language skills.
References
Freenstra J. (2013).Social psychology.Bridgepoint Education: San Diego CA.
Mossler R. A. & Ziegler M. (2016).Understanding development: A lifespan perspective. San Diego CA: Bridgepoint Education Inc.
Shriner B and Shriner M. (2014).Essentials of Lifespan Development. A topical Perspective. Bridgepoint Education