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SECTION A
1. Did science and technology underpin state power, or did state power underpin
scientific authority?
2. Does history suggest that experiments result in more accurate scientific
knowledge?
SECTION B
3. “The mechanisation of the world picture”: is this a good description of changes
in natural philosophy in seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Europe?
4. What were the sources of support for astronomical inquiry in Europe between
1540 and 1800?
5. Did early modern natural philosophy and natural history threaten established
religion?
6. How did early moderns picture the perfect human body?
7. How did the development of new instruments reflect changes in the history of
medicine in post-revolutionary France?
8. In 1847, Hermann von Helmholtz wrote, “We cannot create mechanical force,
but we may help ourselves from the general storehouse of Nature.” Analyse
this quote with respect to the history of the physical sciences in the nineteenth
century.
9. Was nineteenth-century geology a global science?
10. Who were post-World War II development experts and what was their
expertise?
11. How did “nuclear exceptionalism” shape science, politics and industry?
12. What challenges and possibilities did Indigenous experiences and perspectives
create for genomic, climate, and/or data sciences in the twenty-first century?