3.0 Statistical Analysis

In this section, an analysis and comparison is carried out on high income and upper middle income economies in terms of growth, innovation and the tertiary education sector. In section 3.1, the tertiary education sector will be analyzed through gross enrollment ratio in both high income and upper middle income economies along with the implications associated to these figures. In section 3.2, a comparison is done using GDP per capita at current US$ to analyze and compare the economic growth level figures in both set of countries. Since the research is grounded on tertiary education and economic growth, an analysis of the two variables is made to see if any relationship exists in section 3.3. Further to this, high technology exports is used as a proxy for innovation in section 3.4 to analyze the level of innovation in high and upper middle income economies and the impact it has on the economies.

3.1 Tertiary education sector in High Income and Upper middle income economies

The tertiary education enrollment figures are illustrated in a line chart in figure 3.1 below which shows the gross enrollment ratio during the past 16 years between 1997 and 2012 from High Income and Upper-middle Income economies. The graph shows a massive gap between the gross enrollment ratio from the tertiary education sector between high income and upper-middle income economies. One point to be noted is that the gap is ever increasing at a sluggish rate having a gap of around 42% in 2011. The average % of gross enrollment ratio for the high income and upper-middle income are 64.395 and 22.423 respectively, which further confirms the hypothesis that there is a massive gap between these two set of economies.