possible answers: mercantilism, communism, socialism, laissex faire, free enterprise (capitalism)

an economic system without government interference
grew out of socialism but differed by seeking to control all areas of society
was a reaction to capitalism
grew out of and closely subscribes to the laissez-faire system

an early economic system that gave the government strict control over business

2.

Select the best answer.

Which answer is NOT a factor of production?

	capital goods
	labor
	sovereignty
	entrepreneurship
	land (natural resources)

3.

Select the best answer.

In a ___ form of government only the legislature makes the laws, and the leader of the executive branch is elected by the people.

	presidential
	tribal
	dictatorship
	parliamentary

4.

Match the statements with the philosophers and theorists.
possible answers : Jacques-Benigne Bossuet, John Locke, Karl Marx, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, Thomas Hobbes, Plato, Adam Smith, Montesquieu, Jean-Jacques Rousseau

“father of modern economics” who believed the state and mankind entered into a relationship
philosopher who believed philosophers were the only ones who could create an ideal stateargued for the principle of a separation of powers that later became the framework for the American Constitution

philosopher who believed people would be willing to forfeit some of their rights while requiring the state

to honor both civil and natural rights

argued for the communist theory with the publication of The Communist Manifesto
man most associated with the socialist theory
philosopher who believed man would forfeit his personal rights and subject himself to a sovereign state for his self-preservation
philosopher who saw the relationship between government and mankind as a reciprocal agreement where the state committed to mankind and mankind committed to the good of the state
French bishop who advocated the divine right of kings theory5.

Select the best answer.

Natural rights, which have always existed and apply to everyone, came from ___.

	a social contract
	natural law
	the Ten Commandments
	the family

6.

Select the best answer.

branch and may recall him at any time.

	parliamentary
	dictatorship
	tribal
	presidential

7.

Select the best answer.

The branch of government that makes laws is known as the ___ branch.

	executive
	legislative
	unity
	judicial

8.

Select the best answer.

The U.S. legislative and executive branches check each other’s power.

	False
	True

9.

Select the best answer.

Capitalism is essentially the same as free enterprise.

	True
	False

10.

Match the descriptions with the systems of government. Answers may be used more than once.

Possible answers : unitary government, confederate government, federal government.

All political power is concentrated in a centralized government.
Political power is shared between independent central and state governments.
If a portion of the population disagrees with the policies of a government, the people can weaken the central government’s power.
Decisions can be made more quickly.
State governments within a country are more powerful than the central government.11.

Select the best answer.

Which answer is NOT a characteristic a state must have in order to exist?

	territory
	people
	sovereignty
	constitution
	government

12.

Match the theories with the descriptions.

possible answers : divine right of kings theory, force theory, social contract theory, evolutionary government theory.

states created by war; rule of the strong over the weak
authority based on inherent right from God
the state’s power limited by the people; formed theframework for American government

theory that over time, the state developed from the family unit into clans, then into tribes, and finally into states13.

Select the best answer.

Which answer is NOT a specific characteristic of a free-enterprise system?

	a federal form of government
	private ownership and control of factors of production
	profit
	competition

14.

Select the best answer.

Which person did NOT contribute a social contract theory?

	John Locke
	Thomas Hobbes
	Montesquieu
	Jean-Jacques Rousseau

15.

Select the best answer.

Which of these was the first primitive form of government?

	small city-states
	tribal councils
	clans
	councils of philosophers

16.

Match the descriptions with the forms of government.

possible answers : liberal democracy, direct democracy, absolute monarch, feudalism, despotism, totalitarianism

People participate in this through initiatives, referendums, and recalls.
This form of government was based on ownership of land and a social class system.
This form of government literally means “rule of the people.”This form of government has an absolute ruler who only looks out for himself and reigns as a tyrant.

This form of government controls every aspect of an individual’s life.This hereditary ruler governed by divine right.