The Five Key Areas ofSocialDeterminants of Health

In the health sector, the social determinants are conditions in the environment which

individuals are born, play, live, work, learn and worship including the age that has effects of a

wide range of health, the standards of life outcomes and risks, including functionality.

Conditions such as physical, economic and social in environments and settings including

neighborhood, church, school, and workplace are referred to as place. Also, the sense of security

andthe patterns of socialengagements with an inclusion ofwell-being are also areas thatare

affected by the places people live.

The five key areas of social determinants of health include economic stability,

neighborhood andbuilt environment, education, health andhealth care, including socialand

community context. The five primary areas of social determinants of health (SDOH) which is a

“place–based” organizing framework were developed by Healthy People in the year 2020. Each

ofthe five determinantareashas areflection ofvarious criticalcomponents. Some ofthe issues

represented by SDOH entail the following. In the Economic stability, there is housing stability,

poverty, food security and employment. Education represents high school graduation, early

childhooddevelopment andeducation, enrollmentin higher education andLanguage and

literacy. The social and community context represents discrimination, incarceration, social

cohesion and civic participation. The Health and Health care represents health literacy, access to

health and access to primary care. Finally, Neighborhood and Built Environment stands for

environmental conditional, access to health, crime and violence including quality of housing.