1 points

1. Artwork from the Northern Renaissance focused on what characteristic, which was different than works produced in Italy during the Renaissance?

   	realism and expression
   	artists as famous personalities
   	reflection of everyday life
   	application of perspective

1. Which Italian Renaissance artist was considered the ideal “Renaissance Man” due to his desire for knowledge, particularly in the fields of science, technology, and art?

   	Leonardo da Vinci
   	John Calvin
   	Albrecht Dürer
   	Shakespeare

1. Which German artist from the Northern Renaissance was known for his portraits of self-conscious individualism?

   	Leonardo da Vinci
   	Michelangelo
   	Albrecht Dürer
   	Shakespeare

1. Which artist of the Renaissance was a self-professed sculptor, but was hired to paint the Sistine Chapel, which was a backbreaking task for the artist?

   	Leonardo da Vinci
   	Michelangelo
   	Albrecht Durer
   	Shakespeare

1. Pope Julius II commissioned Donato Bramante to design which structure in Rome that had been demolished because of deterioration?

   	Hagia Sophia
   	Notre Dame Cathedral
   	Saint Peter’s Basilica
   	Sistine Chapel

1. Select the English playwright known for writing tragedies such as Hamlet and Romeo and Juliet.

   	Desiderius Erasmus
   	William Shakespeare
   	Sir Thomas More
   	Niccolo Machiavelli

1. The Renaissance, which began in Italy, grew out of a movement known as humanism. Humanism was a movement that centered around which of the following.

   	studies of classics and belief in individual accomplishment, that humans were the center of the universe.
   	movement that centered around the belief in God and his power to heal humans.
   	movement that centered around the study of nature.
   	movement that centered around man’s ability to wage war against his enemies.

1. Who borrowed money to create an invention known as the printing press, which he completed in 1450?

   	Albrecht Durer
   	Shakespeare
   	Johannes Gutenberg
   	Leonardo da Vinci

1. Which of the following was an effort by the Catholic Church to counter the Reformation?

   	Council of Trent
   	Ninety-Five Theses
   	Anabaptist Movement
   	Calvinism

1. Which of the following was NOT one of the effects of the Reformation efforts?

   	There was a renewed interest in education.
   	Marriages became public affairs, giving more rights to women.
   	Convents were no longer open to Protestant women.
   	The Catholic Church started selling indulgences.

1. Who was responsible for posting the Ninety-Five Theses on the front door of a church addressing the how practices of the Catholic Church contradicted the principles of Christianity?

   	John Calvin
   	Martin Luther
   	Ulrich Zwingli
   	Girolamo Savonarola

1. What were indulgences, as practiced prior to the Reformation?

   	The Catholic Church permitted the eating of meat on Fridays if paid a specific sum of money.
   	The Church allowed only men to eat cake and other sweets, forbidding the luxury to women and children.
   	A religious figure pardoned one’s sins and could reduce the amount of time in purgatory if money was paid to the Church.
   	There was no such practice of selling indulgences.

1. Which two key figures of the Reformation were from Switzerland, where Anabaptists were persecuted for their beliefs in adult baptism, the abolition of private property, and the ability to take more than one wife?

   	Martin Luther and John Calvin
   	Ulrich Zwingli and Martin Luther
   	John Calvin and Ulrich Zwingli
   	Ulrich Zwingli and Henry VIII

1. Which wife of England’s King Henry VIII produced a daughter named Mary, who later became known as “Bloody Mary” for her persecution of Protestants by burning them at the stake?

   	Catherine of Aragon
   	Anne Boleyn
   	Jane Seymour
   	Joan of Arc

1. Which of the following statements is NOT true about John Calvin and his reform efforts?

   	Calvin believed that salvation was a gift from God.
   	Calvinists wore simple black clothes.
   	Calvinist churches did not contain statues, stained glass, or incense.
   	Calvinist churches were filled with music.

1. Which of the following is NOT a reason Europeans wanted to explore the unknown?

   	to better their personal situations
   	for the growth and prosperity of their country
   	to obtain religious freedom
   	to give up their land in Europe to Chinese invaders

1. Which European nation colonized Brazil, resulting in that being one of the few South American nations to not speak Spanish?

   	England
   	France
   	Portugal
   	China

1. Identify the nation that established colonies in Canada consisting of small groups of traders who focused on the trading of fish and fur.

   	England
   	France
   	Portugal
   	Spain

1. Which nation sent Christopher Columbus to find a route to the West Indies, resulting in his “discovery” of the Americas?

   	Portugal
   	Spain
   	England
   	France

1. Choose the explorer who left from Spain in 1519 with five ships and a crew of 250 with a goal of circumnavigating the world, but was killed in the Philippines during his journey.

   	Jacques Cartier
   	Christopher Columbus
   	Ferdinand Magellan
   	Henry Hudson

1. Which explorer sailed for both England and the Netherlands in search of a northwest passage, but instead discovered a river in North America that was named after him?

   	Jacque Cartier
   	Christopher Columbus
   	Ferdinand Magellan
   	Henry Hudson

1. Hernán Cortés arrived in Mexico in 1519 and conquered the Aztecs and Incas. For which country did Cortés travel to the Americas?

   	Portugal
   	Spain
   	England
   	France

1. Europeans brought sheep, chicken, sugar, coffee, and citrus fruits to the Americas during the Columbian Exchange. They also brought influenza and the common cold, which killed many of the Native Americans.

   	True
   	False

1. As the Europeans explored the Americas, they encountered new plants, animals, and diseases. All of the following plants and animals were new to Europeans EXCEPT

   	cacao (chocolate)
   	pumpkins
   	horses
   	tobacco

1. How did the Columbian Exchange impact the Old and New Worlds?

   	Diets changed as both Europe and the Americas were exposed to new foods.
   	Animals, such as goats, cattle, and horses, faced few predators in the Americas and multiplied rapidly.
   	both a and b
   	none of the above

1. Select the correct statement regarding the slave trade.

   	The Middle Passage was the leg of the triangular trade in which African slaves were transported from Africa to the Americas.
   	African slaves were marched from the interior of Africa to the dungeons located along the coast.
   	African slaves were confined to tight quarters in the slave ships where they were forced to lay in feces and urine for the entire 2 to 4 month journey to the Americas.
   	all of the above

1. Which was the first nation to break through in exploration, but was eventually surpassed by other European nations?

   	Portugal
   	Spain
   	England
   	France

1. The triangular trade took place across the Pacific Ocean, exchanging goods between India, Mexico, and Japan.

   	True
   	False

1. Looking at the map below, identify which explorer left from Portugal, sailed around the southernmost tip of Africa, and established trading centers in India.
   

   	Vasco da Gama
   	Christopher Columbus
   	Ferdinand Magellan
   	Jacques Cartier

1. The Black Death improved the life of ordinary people in Europe who survived, and it contributed to the artistic and intellectual rebirth, or renewal, known as the Renaissance.

   	True
   	False

1. Many people believed the Catholic Church had become too powerful and wealthy, and too involved in political matters, which sparked reformists to rise up and speak out about the abuses.

   	True
   	False

1. William Tyndale was burned at the stake as a heretic for making a copy of the vernacular Bible in Germany and smuggling copies into England.

   	True
   	False

1. King Henry VIII decided to separate England from the Catholic Church because the pope refused to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon, and marry him to Anne Boleyn.

   	True
   	False

1. According to the theory of mercantilism, the colonies provided raw materials and markets for manufactured goods, but this did not create greater wealth for Europe.

   	True
   	False

1. Explain the concept of Renaissance Man. Name at least one Renaissance Man and explain why he was considered such.