Terms/Concepts/Theories/Arguments You Should Know:

• Functionalism
• Multiple Realizability
• Mind and Computer analogy
• Turing’s Imitation Game
• Arguments for the possibility of Artificial Intelligence
• Objections to Turing’s Argument
• The Chinese Room
• Weak Artificial Intelligence vs. Strong Artificial Intelligence
• Objections to the Chinese Room
• Non-Human Animal Minds, arguments for the existence of cognition in other species
• Anthropomorphism, Anthropocentrism
• Problems with studying animal minds, skepticism about cognition in other species

• Epistemology
• Rationalism
• Empiricism
• a priori vs. a posteriori knowledge
• inductive vs. deductive reasoning
• Molyneux’s Problem
• Descartes’ Foundationalism and Rationalism
• Locke’s Tabula Rasa, arguments against innate knowledge
• Berkeley’s Subjective Idealism
• Hume’s Empiricism
• Hume’s Missing Shade of Blue
• Hume’s Fork
• Kant’s Transcendental Idealism
• Synthetic a priori judgments
• Ethics, Morality
• Relativism and Absolutism
• Egoism vs. Altruism
• Ring of Gyges
• Aristotle’s Virtue Ethics, the Virtues, Eudaimonia, Continence/Incontinence/Temperance
• The Golden Mean
• Divine Command Theory, problems with it, Euthyphro’s Dilemma
• Natural Law Theory, Aquinas, etc.
• Corvino’s attack on Natural Law Theory, why homosexuality is impossible to define as unnatural (5 different ways to define unnatural, why each fails)
• Kant’s Deontology, Categorical Imperative, different versions of it
• Objections to Kant’s Ethics, Conflicting Duties, Unsolvable Dilemmas
• Bentham’s Hedonistic Calculus vs. Mill’s Utilitarianism
• Objections to Utilitarianism
• Ethics based on care, feminism